1. Pressure increases with depth:
2. Two points at the same vertical position experience the same pressure, no matter what the shape of the container.

P₂ = P₁ + ρgh

A typical problem involves an object floating, or submerged, in a fluid. First draw the free-body diagram and apply Newton's Second Law. Then bring in the buoyant force:

F_b = ρV_disp g = m_disp g