When an object is thrown into the air, different parts of the object can follow complicated paths if the object spins as it travels. However, the center-of-mass of the object will always follow a parabolic trajectory through the air.
The center-of-mass is the point that moves as though all the mass is concentrated there.
The center-of-mass of an object, or a collection of objects, can be found using:
(x1m1 +x2m2 + ... ) | |
Xcom = | |
m1 + m2 + ... |
That tells you the x-coordinate of the center of mass. The y-coordinate and z-coordinate can be found from equivalent expressions.
In some situations it's necessary to integrate to find the center of mass. The integral equation looks like:
Xcom = ∫ x dm / M