A block of mass m is held at rest near the bottom of a frictionless incline. The block compresses a spring by a length X compared to its equilibrium length. The spring has spring constant k. When the block is released, it travels a distance d up the slope. What is d?

Assume that all the energy initially stored in the spring is transferred to the block.

Should we do this using forces or using energy? It's tricky to analyze a spring problem using forces, because the spring force is not constant. Energy is much easier to deal with.

Applying energy conservation :

U_gi + U_si + K_i = U_gf + U_sf + K_f

U_g is the gravitational potential energy and U_s is the spring potential energy. Take the zero level for U_g to be the block's starting point. The final position is where the blocks stops (it may well start to slide back down, but we don't care about that).

All sorts of things are zero. K_i and K_f are zero because the block starts and ends at rest. U_gi = 0, and we're assuming U_sf =0. The energy equation becomes:

½ kX² = mgh

From geometry, h = dsin(θ)

½ kX² = mgdsin(θ)

Solving for d gives:

d = kX²/[2mgsin(θ)]

For a particular case where k = 50 N/m, X = 0.10 m, m = 0.080 kg, and θ = 30 degrees, d works out to:

d = 0.64 m